"borwere" meaning in Middle English

See borwere in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈbɔrwər(ə)/, /ˈbɔriu̯ər(ə)/, /ˈbɔrɔu̯ər(ə)/ Forms: *borweres [plural], borewer [alternative], borower [alternative], boroware [alternative], borware [alternative], borowar [alternative]
Etymology: PIE root *bʰergʰ- From borwen (“to borrow, secure”) + -ere (agent noun suffix). First attested in c. 1440. Etymology templates: {{PIE root box|enm|bʰergʰ-}} PIE root *bʰergʰ-, {{af|enm|borwen|-ere|id2=agentive|nocap=1|pos2=agent noun suffix|t1=to borrow, secure}} borwen (“to borrow, secure”) + -ere (agent noun suffix), {{etydate|c|1440}} First attested in c. 1440 Head templates: {{head|enm|noun|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} borwere, {{enm-noun|*borweres}} borwere (plural *borweres)
  1. A borrower; one who takes on credit. Tags: Late-Middle-English
    Sense id: en-borwere-enm-noun-BjrDgkap Categories (other): Late Middle English, Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Middle English terms suffixed with -ere (agentive), Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Finance, People Disambiguation of Late Middle English: 94 6 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 96 4 Disambiguation of Middle English terms suffixed with -ere (agentive): 93 7 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 98 2 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 98 2 Disambiguation of Finance: 81 19 Disambiguation of People: 100 0
  2. A surety or guarantor. Tags: Late-Middle-English
    Sense id: en-borwere-enm-noun-FipffuEp Categories (other): Law Disambiguation of Law: 11 89

Alternative forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "borrower"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "bʰergʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "PIE root\n *bʰergʰ-",
      "name": "PIE root box"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "borwen",
        "3": "-ere",
        "id2": "agentive",
        "nocap": "1",
        "pos2": "agent noun suffix",
        "t1": "to borrow, secure"
      },
      "expansion": "borwen (“to borrow, secure”) + -ere (agent noun suffix)",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "c",
        "2": "1440"
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in c. 1440",
      "name": "etydate"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "PIE root\n *bʰergʰ-\nFrom borwen (“to borrow, secure”) + -ere (agent noun suffix). First attested in c. 1440.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "*borweres",
      "links": [
        [
          "*borweres",
          "Reconstruction:Middle English/borweres"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borewer",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borower",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boroware",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borware",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borowar",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "borwere",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*borweres"
      },
      "expansion": "borwere (plural *borweres)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "94 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Late Middle English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "96 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "93 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English terms suffixed with -ere (agentive)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "98 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "98 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "81 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Finance",
          "orig": "enm:Finance",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "enm:People",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A borrower; one who takes on credit."
      ],
      "id": "en-borwere-enm-noun-BjrDgkap",
      "links": [
        [
          "borrower",
          "borrower"
        ],
        [
          "take",
          "take"
        ],
        [
          "credit",
          "credit"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "11 89",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Law",
          "orig": "enm:Law",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A surety or guarantor."
      ],
      "id": "en-borwere-enm-noun-FipffuEp",
      "links": [
        [
          "surety",
          "surety"
        ],
        [
          "guarantor",
          "guarantor"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbɔrwər(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbɔriu̯ər(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbɔrɔu̯ər(ə)/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "borwere"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Late Middle English",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰergʰ-",
    "Middle English terms suffixed with -ere (agentive)",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Finance",
    "enm:Law",
    "enm:People"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "borrower"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "bʰergʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "PIE root\n *bʰergʰ-",
      "name": "PIE root box"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "borwen",
        "3": "-ere",
        "id2": "agentive",
        "nocap": "1",
        "pos2": "agent noun suffix",
        "t1": "to borrow, secure"
      },
      "expansion": "borwen (“to borrow, secure”) + -ere (agent noun suffix)",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "c",
        "2": "1440"
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in c. 1440",
      "name": "etydate"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "PIE root\n *bʰergʰ-\nFrom borwen (“to borrow, secure”) + -ere (agent noun suffix). First attested in c. 1440.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "*borweres",
      "links": [
        [
          "*borweres",
          "Reconstruction:Middle English/borweres"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borewer",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borower",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "boroware",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borware",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "borowar",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "borwere",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*borweres"
      },
      "expansion": "borwere (plural *borweres)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A borrower; one who takes on credit."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "borrower",
          "borrower"
        ],
        [
          "take",
          "take"
        ],
        [
          "credit",
          "credit"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A surety or guarantor."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "surety",
          "surety"
        ],
        [
          "guarantor",
          "guarantor"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Late-Middle-English"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbɔrwər(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbɔriu̯ər(ə)/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbɔrɔu̯ər(ə)/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "borwere"
}

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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.